DPU（Data Processing Unit，数据处理单元）是一种面向数据中心与智算基础设施的数据面专用处理器，主要在服务器侧独立承担网络、存储、安全、虚拟化及高性能通信等数据面任务，并将相关负载从主CPU中系统性卸载，以释放通用计算资源用于业务计算与应用处理。随着云计算架构向多租户、高密度及大规模集群化方向演进，DPU已成为提升集群整体效率与系统稳定性的关键基础组件之一。
在云计算基础设施持续扩张与人工智能算力需求快速增长的共同驱动下，DPU市场规模保持高速增长态势。2025年中国DPU市场规模达到约人民币500亿元，预计到2030年将增长至超人民币1,200亿元，是云计算与AI基础设施领域中增长最为迅速、成长空间最为广阔的细分市场之一。
从竞争格局来看，中国DPU市场整体呈现较为集中的态势，国际头部独立DPU厂商占据主要市场份额。在中国独立全功能DPU市场中，英伟达凭借长期的芯片架构积累、成熟的数据面处理能力以及完善的软硬件生态体系，占据市场首位；云豹智能排名第二，并在本土独立全功能DPU厂商中位列第一。
DPU (Data Processing Unit) is a data-plane dedicated processor designed for data centers and intelligent computing infrastructure. It primarily undertakes data-plane tasks such as networking, storage, security, virtualization, and high-performance communication on the server side, systematically offloading related workloads from the host CPU to release general-purpose computing resources for business computation and application processing. As cloud computing architectures evolve toward multi-tenancy, high density, and large-scale clustered deployment, DPU has become a key foundational component for improving overall cluster efficiency and system stability.
Driven by the continuous expansion of cloud computing infrastructure and the rapid growth of artificial intelligence computing demand, the DPU market has maintained a high growth trajectory. In 2025, the China DPU market reached approximately RMB500 billion, and it is expected to grow to over RMB1,200 billion by 2030, making it one of the fastest-growing and most promising segments within cloud computing and AI infrastructure.
From a competitive landscape perspective, the China DPU market is relatively concentrated, with international leading independent DPU vendors occupying the majority of market share. In the China independent full-featured DPU market, NVIDIA ranks first, supported by its long-term accumulation in chip architecture, mature data-plane processing capabilities, and a well-established software and hardware ecosystem; JaguarMicro ranks second and holds the leading position among domestic independent full-featured DPU vendors.
